تسائل الكثير من الباحثين عبر محركات البحث وعبر مواقع التواصل الاجتماعي في الفترة السابقة عن ما هي السيارات الهجينة ؟ وما هي أهم انواع السيارات الهجينة وهذا ما سنجيب عنه في هذا الموضوع عبر موقعنا.
السيارات الهجينة هي السيارات التي تحصل على نظام دفع هجين يتكون من محرك يعمل بالوقود متصل بمحرك كهربائي لنقل الحركة إلى العجلات ، والغرض الرئيسي من هذا النظام هو توفير الوقود وتقليل انبعاثات الكربون مقارنةً بـ السيارات التي تحصل على محرك احتراق داخلي تقليدي، تتمتع السيارات الهجينة أيضًا بخصومات كثيرة على الرسوم الحكومية في مصر والدول العربية ومعظم دول العالم.
ما هي طريقة عمل السيارات الهجينة
يتكون نظام الدفع للسيارات الهجينة من ثلاثة مكونات رئيسية : محرك الاحتراق الداخلي الذي يعمل بالوقود ، والمحرك الكهربائي ، وبطارية لتخزين شحنة المحرك الكهربائي هناك أيضًا ثلاث طرق لصنع سيارات هجينة
نقل القوة بطريقة موازية
في هذه الطريقة يتم توصيل كلا المحركين بنفس محور العجلة ، لذلك يمكن لمحرك الاحتراق الداخلي فقط نقل الطاقة إلى العجلات الأمامية أو المحرك الكهربائي فقط لنقل الحركة إلى نفس محور العجلة ، وفي القيادة الرياضية في المواقف ، كلاهما ينقل القدرة في نفس الوقت لتوفير أكبر قوة حصانية وعزم دوران ممكنين ، بالنسبة للسيارة من الأمثلة على هذه الطرازات هيونداي أيونيك وتويوتا بريوس.
اضافة مدخل للكهرباء
إنها سيارات هجينة تحصل على محرك تقليدي يعمل بالوقود ومحرك كهربائي وبطارية أكبر من السيارات الهجينة القياسية ، الاختلاف بينهما هو امكانية شحن السيارة من خلال توصيلها بمقبس كهربائي خارجي ويمكن قيادتها لمسافة اكبر باستخدام المحرك الكهربائي فقط ، وبعض السيارات المذكورة اعلاه متوفرة في هذا النظام مثل Toyota Prius و هيونداي أيونيك وميتسوبيشي أوتلاندر.
إستخدام المحرك الكهربائي لزيادة المدى
يتم استخدامه في السيارات الكهربائية فقط ، والتي تحصل على محرك يعمل بالوقود لتوليد الكهرباء وشحن بطارية السيارة الكهربائية ، ولكنه لا يتصل بمحور العجلة الخاص بها ، ومن أشهر الأمثلة على هذا النوع سيارة BMW i3 Range.
ما الذي يميز السيارات الهجينة عن غيرها
ببساطة لأنها تجمع بين أفضل ميزات السيارات التي تعمل بالوقود وأفضل ميزات السيارات الكهربائية ، على سبيل المثال :
توفر السيارات التي تعمل بالوقود مجموعة أكبر من الأجزاء دون الحاجة إلى شحن السيارة ، كما توفر السرعة القصوى أعلى من المحركات الكهربائية.
أما بالنسبة للسيارات :
إنها توفر عزمًا فوريًا ولا تسبب انبعاثات ضارة بالبيئة.من خلال الجمع بين كل هذه الميزات في السيارة الهجينة ، نقوم بإنشاء نماذج يمكنها تغطية مسافات طويلة بوقود أقل ، وتساعد على تقليل الانبعاثات الضارة وتوفير أداء قيادة رياضي أفضل بفضل الجمع بين قوة المحركين.
للكاتب: منير مجاهد لياتي
Muneer Mujahed Lyati
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